What types of loads must be considered when determining the maximum span for cold-formed steel joists?

When determining the maximum span for cold-formed steel joists, it is essential to consider both dead and live loads.

Dead loads refer to the permanent or static loads that are always present on a structure, such as the weight of the joists themselves, flooring, roofing materials, and any other fixed components. These loads are crucial because they establish the baseline weight that the joists must support at all times.

Live loads, on the other hand, are dynamic loads that can vary over time, such as people, furniture, and movable equipment. These loads are significant in assessing how the joists will perform under real-life conditions, as they can introduce different stresses and reactions in the structure.

Considering both types of loads is critical for ensuring the structural integrity and safety of the joists. Inadequate consideration can lead to insufficient support, which may result in failure under typical usage conditions. Other types of loads, such as environmental loads—which can include wind, snow, or seismic forces—can also be important but are not the primary factors when evaluating the maximum span calculation specifically for cold-formed steel joists. Therefore, including both dead and live loads provides a comprehensive approach to ensure that joists can safely fulfill their intended structural role.